Asma bronquial y embarazo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.453Palabras clave:
asma, embarazo, broncoespasmo, falla respiratoriaResumen
El asma está presente en un 4-7% de mujeres embarazadas. El curso del asma durante el embarazo es variable, un tercio permanece estable, otro tercio mejora y el resto empeoran. Las mujeres asmáticas tienen un riesgo aumentado de hipertensión arterial gestacional, preeclampsia, hiperémesis gravídica, placenta previa, hemorragia vaginal y parto inducido y/o complicado.
Objetivo: el objetivo del presente trabajo es revisar la epidemiología, la clasificación clínica, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del asma en el embarazo.
Materiales y métodos: con las palabras clave antes descritas se buscó información en la bases de datos de PUBMED/Medline, Cochrane, SciELO, al igual que en referencias en artículos de revista y textos principalmente de los últimos cinco años. El resultado de esta búsqueda arrojó 84 referencias de las cuales se tomaron las 39 más relevantes.
Resultados: el buen control del asma en el embarazo evita o disminuye las complicaciones maternas y fetales.
Conclusión: un mejor control de la función pulmonar durante el embarazo está asociado de forma independiente con un aumento del crecimiento fetal.
Biografía del autor/a
Eduardo Contreras-Zúñiga
Fernando Sanabria
Sandra Ximena Zuluaga-Martínez
Isabel Cristina Casas-Quiroga
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