Incidencia de parto pretérmino y factores de riesgo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.924Keywords:
Premature labor, adolescents, smoking habite, premature rupture of membranes, multiple pregnancyAbstract
Para determinar la incidencia y los factores de riesgo de parto pretérmino se estudiaron todas las pacientes que en 1988 tuvieron parto prematuro en el Hospital de Maternidad Rafael Calvo, Cartagena, Colombia. Igual número de pacientes con parto de término fueron colocadas como control. 10.550 partos, 9.787 de término y 763 de pretérmino, establecen una incidencia del 7.3%. La primera causa determinada fue ruptura prematura de membranas (22.9%) y la segunda, infección urinaria (13.2%). Hemorragia de segunda mitad de gestación: 14.7%, embarazo múltiple 4.7%.
En adolescentes Rr = 3 y mayores de 36 años Rr = 2. El 40% de las pacientes eran primigestantes. Parto prematuro previo Rr = 2.8. Aborto previo Rr = 4.5, falta de control prenatal Rr = 8.5, hábito de fumar Rr = 2.2, actividad laboral materna Rr = 1.9. Se hace énfasis en la importancia de determinar la presencia de diversos factores de riesgo para adelantar prevención en el desencadenamiento del trabajo de parto. La prevención· éS--e! arma más importante para combatir la prematurez. (Rev Col Obstet Ginecol 1991; 42(3): 199-2017).
Author Biography
Alvaro Monterrosa Castro
Residente III, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cartagena. A.A. 2645
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