Ruptura prematura de membranas fetales: de la fisiopatología hacia los marcadores tempranos de la enfermedad

Autores/as

  • Fernando Augusto López-Osma
  • Sergio Alexander Ordoñez-Sánchez

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.466

Palabras clave:

rotura prematura de membranas fetales, metaloproteinasas, inhibidor tisular de metaloproteinasa, corioamionitis, líquido amniótico

Resumen

La ruptura prematura de membranas fetales se define como aquella que ocurre antes de haberse iniciado el trabajo de parto; puede ser previa a la semana 37 de gestación en cuyo caso recibe el nombre de ruptura prematura de membranas pretérmino, la cual aumenta la morbilidad y mortalidad tanto materna como perinatal. La evidencia actual sugiere que la RPM es un proceso multifactorial que puede ser afectado por factores bioquímicos, fisiológicos, patológicos y ambientales. Gracias a la identificación de las metaloproteinasas de la matríz, los inhibidores de tejido de metaloproteinasas y sus posibles mecanismos de acción se ha llegado a un mayor grado de comprensión de la fisiopatología de la enfermedad. Distintos factores han sido asociados con la ruptura prematura de membranas, siendo, hasta ahora, la infección intraamniótica la única causa reconocida de prematurez y de posible causa de ruptura prematura de membranas. Gracias a muchos estudios realizados en los últimos años, que han investigado distintos componentes fetales, maternos y de líquido amniótico que pudieran ser utilizados como marcadores tempranos, existe un futuro promisorio en la detección temprana de la misma y de sus complicaciones.

Biografía del autor/a

Fernando Augusto López-Osma

Médico interno. Universidad Industrial de Santander. Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Bogotá, Colombia. Correo electrónico:fernando.lopez@fundacionsantafe.edu.co

Sergio Alexander Ordoñez-Sánchez

Médico interno. Universidad Industrial de Santander. Hospital Universitario de Santander.

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Cómo citar

1.
López-Osma FA, Ordoñez-Sánchez SA. Ruptura prematura de membranas fetales: de la fisiopatología hacia los marcadores tempranos de la enfermedad. Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol. [Internet]. 20 de diciembre de 2006 [citado 29 de marzo de 2024];57(4):279-90. Disponible en: https://revista.fecolsog.org/index.php/rcog/article/view/466

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2006-12-20

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