El síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos y su rol potencial en la patogénesis de la hipertensión inducida por el embarazo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.442Palabras clave:
hipertensión inducida por el embarazo, preeclampsia, síndrome de ovario poliquístico, resistencia a la insulinaResumen
La hipertensión inducida por el embarazo-HIE (que incluye preeclampsia e hipertensión gestacional) es una complicación común del embarazo, cuya patogénesis se mantiene incierta.
Muchas manifestaciones del síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos (SOP) se han asociado con esta patología. Estas incluyen hipertensión, hiperinsulinemia, intolerancia a la glucosa, obesidad, y anormalidades lipídicas. Otras anormalidades presentes incluyen la elevación en los niveles de leptina, factor de necrosis tumoral (FNT), activador del plasminógeno tisular (APT), inhibidor del plaminógeno tisular-1 (IPT-1) y testosterona. El documentar estos hallazgos antes del inicio de la hipertensión en el embarazo sugiere que la resistencia a la insulina o sus anormalidades asociadas, pueden tener un papel importante en la patogénesis de este desorden. Más aún, el identificar que estas manifestaciones del síndrome de resistencia a la insulina pueden persistir muchos años después de la gestación, indica que estas mujeres tendrían mayor riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares en el futuro. Estas observaciones sugieren que las intervenciones dirigidas a disminuir la resistencia a la insulina podrían reducir tanto el riesgo de desarrollar hipertensión en el embarazo, como complicaciones cardiovasculares años más tarde.
Biografía del autor/a
Leyla Margarita Kuzmar-Daza
Ivonne Díaz-Yamal
Luis Ernesto Pérez-Agudelo
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